A Vindication of the Rights of Woman

by Mary Wollstonecraft

English · 1792Philosophy
84,399 words15 chapters~338 min read
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Mary Wollstonecraft's 1792 philosophical treatise argues that women deserve equal education and opportunities, challenging Enlightenment thinkers who excluded women from their theories of natural rights. Writing in response to the French Revolution's ideals, this foundational English work of feminist philosophy contends that society's treatment of women as ornamental rather than rational beings harms both individuals and civilization itself.

Opening lines

Having read with great pleasure a pamphlet, which you have lately published, on National Education, I dedicate this volume to you, the first dedication that I have ever written, to induce you to read it with attention; and, because I think that you will understand me, which I do not suppose many pert witlings will, who may ridicule the arguments they are unable to answer. But, sir, I carry my respect for your understanding still farther: so far, that I am confident you will not throw my work aside, and hastily conclude that I am in the wrong because you did not view the subject in the same light yourself. And pardon my frankness, but I must observe, that you treated it in too cursory a manner, contented to consider it as it had been considered formerly, when the rights of man, not to advert to woman, were trampled on as chimerical. I call upon you, therefore, now to weigh what I have
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Contents · 15 chapters

  1. Dedication
  2. Introduction
  3. 1. The Rights and Involved Duties of Mankind Considered
  4. 2. The Prevailing Opinion of a Sexual Character Discussed
  5. 3. The Same Subject Continued
  6. 4. Observations on the State of Degradation to which Woman is Reduced by Various Causes
  7. 5. Animadversions on Some of the Writers Who Have Rendered Women Objects of Pity, Bordering on Contempt
  8. 6. The Effect which an Early Association of Ideas Has upon the Character
  9. 7. Modesty Comprehensively Considered and not as a Sexual Virtue
  10. 8. Morality Undermined by Sexual Notions of the Importance of a Good Reputation
  11. 9. Of the Pernicious Effects which Arise from the Unnatural Distinctions Established in Society
  12. 10. Parental Affection
  13. 11. Duty to Parents
  14. 12. On National Education
  15. 13. Some Instances of the Folly which the Ignorance of Women Generates; with Concluding Reflections on the Moral Improvement that a Revolution in Female Manners Might Naturally Be Expected to Produce

About Mary Wollstonecraft

An 18th-century English writer who challenged society's restrictions on women through her revolutionary works. Her groundbreaking 1792 treatise "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman" argued that women deserved equal education and opportunities, making her one of the earliest feminist philosophers whose ideas would inspire generations of women's rights activists. All works by Mary Wollstonecraft

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